Beh 225 Problem Solving Simulation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 596 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? In order to solve this problem I had to figure out different ways to solve it that would have the desired result. In this scenario there is a man, cat, dog, and a mouse that need to cross the river but unfortunately the raft will only hold two of them at a time and the man cannot send the animals on the raft without him. Initially this seems very easy to solve unfortunately the cat cannot be left alone with the mouse or the dog unless the man is present otherwise they will fight or try to eat each other.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Beh 225 Problem Solving Simulation" essay for you Create order Once I had interpreted the problem, I attempted different strategies of crossing the river while keeping in mind that the cat could not be left alone with the dog or the mouse. So first I tried taking the cat over first then crossed back over to get the dog and then the mouse. This led to an obstacle since the dog or mouse was left alone with the cat which led to fighting or trying to eat the one another. I then tried taking the mouse over first but this led to the same problem, it left the dog and cat alone. At this point I was stumped on how this process was going to work so I resorted to heuristics to figure out a solution. This allowed me to come up with a solution that would allow me to get all of the animals across the river without leaving the dog or mouse alone with the mouse. First I took the cat to the other side of the river and went back for the dog. Once I got the dog to the other side, I sent the cat back across the river so the cat and dog were not left alone. Next I left the cat on the original side of the river and sent the mouse to the other side to join the dog. Lastly I sent the raft back across to pick up the cat and take back across the river to the other side where the dog and mouse were waiting. Initially I tried to solve the problem using my normal thought process since I thought the scenario was going to be simple to solve which was definitely not the case. I had to think outside of the box in order to discover the real solution that would get all three animals across the river without them fighting or trying to eat the other animals. So I followed the steps of interpreting the problem which eliminates the obstacles and this allowed for a solution. I do not believe that I was aware of the thought process in the beginning of this exercise. I tried using my normal thought process to reach a resolution in this scenario. I was thinking to hard about the whole situation that the actual resolution was so simple. Once I had gotten past my normal train of thought and found the obvious solution, it made me wonder why I had not thought of it initially. Since the raft had to go back across the river anyway there was no reason that the cat couldn’t go back to the original side. There was also no stipulation as to how many times an animal could cross the river either. In the end all of the animals made it to the other side and I have discover that the obvious solution may not always be part of my initial thought process and I need to think outside of the box.

Psychology, Theology, And Spirituality Essay - 1665 Words

Mark R. McMinn’s (2011) Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling establish a way to bring Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality to Christian Counselors. He introduces a replica of how to integrate the three disciplines in the counseling office. The purpose of the book is to instruct counselors how to integrate categories of Psychology, Theology and Spirituality into Christian Counseling. McMinn (2011) contends that many challenges both professional and personal face Christian Counselors on the frontier of intradisciplinary integration. (Intradisciplinary integration is the new emerging frontier for Christian Counselors). The beginning section of the book describes the challenges counselors face in dealing with clients. (1). Moving from Two Areas of Competence to Three (2). Blurred Personal-Professional Distinctions (3).Expanded Definitions of Training (4). Confronting Dominant Views of Mental Health (5). Establishing a Scientific Base (6). Defining Relevant Ethical Standards (McMinn, 2011). After mapping out the challenges facing interdisciplinary integration, McMinn first divides his renowned book into eight rewarding chapters including summary and reflection following each of them. He also uses vignettes in order to ask his readers†What if this Happens† scenarios (McMinn, 2011) While mapping out the challenges, McMinn (2011) added six spiritual concepts implicated in the integration psychology, theology and spirituality. The concepts are;Show MoreRelatedPsychology, Theology And Spirituality1267 Words   |  6 Pages A 4-MAT Review: Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in the Christian Counseling Introduction Mark McMinn is a trained psychologist who is known for his book that was written in 1996 called Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling. McMinn had advocated for the Christians who are counselors for many years. McMinn is very experienced in the work and in his field of study. One of the biggest things that McMinn stresses is the importance of establishing and maintaining a goodRead MorePsychology, Theology And Spirituality1445 Words   |  6 PagesR. McMinn uses his book, Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling to integrate the use of spirituality in Christian counseling in a way that a counselor can use them in a counseling session effectively. McMinn makes the use of various spiritual techniques like prayer, reading the Word and confession and incorporates them in ways that make spirituality work alongside theory in a cohesive matter. McMinn explains the world pf psychology and theology is not only something thatRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesSummary Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling by Dr. Mark R. McMinn is a very insightful reading for Christian counselors. This book was originally written in 1996, but the revised in 2011 with the help of Dr. McMinn s students. McMinn begins his wonderful reading by introducing the readers to religion in the counseling office. He starts this section a potential client scenario. This client is looking for a suitable counselor who is spiritually sensitive. Different counselorsRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality1843 Words   |  8 Pages Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality Summary McMinn unveils the realism of what essentially happens in the counseling office. He dives into the fitting together â€Å"Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling†. McMinn explains how â€Å"those who enter therapy in the midst of their pain experience a restorative counseling relationship that brings acceptance hope, and meaning into their broken lives† (McMinn, 2011, p. 20). There are various questions surrounding Christian counselingRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality1411 Words   |  6 PagesPsychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Counseling by Mark R. McMinn is a book that discusses two different characteristics of the Christian Counseling field: in counseling sessions and life beyond the counseling sessions for example, the counselor’s job and the counselor’s life. Dr. McMinn starts his book with a brief section written with James Wilhoit that discusses religion in the counseling office. This first section talks about the importance of making good use of the Christian faith in counselingRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality891 Words   |  4 PagesReview of McMinn Summary In the book Psychology, theology, and spirituality in Christian counseling by Mark McMinn (2011), he explores the simultaneous integration of psychology, theology, and spirituality in the counseling relationship. McMinn (2011), stresses the importance of this skill throughout the text and offers insightful and effective ways to manage this. In order to further breakdown this information, McMinn (2011) discusses and evaluates six religious intervention strategies: prayerRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality1658 Words   |  7 PagesSummary In the book, Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling, McMinn expands upon the theory of integrating psychology and theology by providing the reader with concrete methods to utilize in counseling. His approach to integration is filled with helpful guidance for any counselor striving to strike the appropriate balance in their sessions. McMinn divulges into how and when to use scripture, prayer, confession and redemption. He advocates for utilizing these methods on aRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality1413 Words   |  6 PagesThe book â€Å"Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christianity Counseling† by Mark R. McMinn (2011) is an informative read that delves into the issues of practically integrating concepts of psychological counseling in the Christian context. Some of the questions that McMinn (2011) aspires to address in the book include whether it is appropriate to pray with clients, the role of confession during the therapy process , whether counselors should use scripture memory during the interventions as wellRead MorePsychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling by Mark McMinn1464 Words   |  6 Pages4 MAT Review McMinn Lynetric Rivers Liberty University Abstract In the book, â€Å"Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling†, author Mark McMinn gives the reader information on how these three entities can work together in Christian counseling. McMinn offers several ways in which this can be done including the use of prayer, Scripture, confession, forgiveness, the effects of sin, and redemption in counseling sessions. Through narration of counseling vignettes displaying differentRead MoreA Review Of Mcminn s Text : Psychology, Theology, And Spirituality1195 Words   |  5 PagesA Review of McMinn’s Text: Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling Summary McMinn tells how psychology, theology, and spirituality are used and how they should be used in Christian counseling. A Christian counselor has to look at not necessarily psychology and theology in a counseling session but how religion and spiritually is brought into the session. McMinn (2011) states, â€Å"Religious interventions require us to understand spiritual formation, place priority on personal spiritual

Ethical Theories And Principles Of The Ethics - 1576 Words

Ethical theories and principles are the backbone of decision making, as they are the table from which one generates guidance in order to make the most ethically correct decision. Each of the different ethical theories discussed has sought to provide the best answer to the question: â€Å"Why should we adopt or reject particular ethical values and principles to guide our actions† (Hutchings, 14). I believe that the deontological theory provides the best answer to the preceding question; the theory does an excellent job of not only explaining why one should reject certain ethical theories but also very clearly states and substantiates the reason for adopting the values it encompasses. The following paper will first provide an overview of deontology, the paper will then move on to defend this choice by discussing both the reason for the selection as well as responding to common objections to deontology. In order to comprehend why deontology has the most success in responding to t he previously stated question, one must first understand the basis or foundation that develops the normative ethical theory. Deontological theories hold that actions that are morally right are those in accordance with certain rules, duties, rights or maxims. For deontologists intention is what is important and consequences do not matter; this is because according to deontologists one is right in acting a certain way only if one acts for the right reason. To dive deeper into deontological ethics one mustShow MoreRelatedEthical Theories And Principles Of Ethics930 Words   |  4 Pagesal., 2009). Ethics means weighing carefully the actions to be undertaken through the compliance prism of a set of values and standards defined at the level of society, for its own good. Ethical leadership is ‘‘the demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two-way communication, reinforcement, and decision-making’’ (Brown, Trevino, Harrison, 2005, p. 120). Ethical leaders areRead MoreEthical Theories And Principles Of Medical Ethics Essay2030 Words   |  9 PagesMedical Ethics PHIL 148 @ Binghamton University, Sum 11 By Brandon Ethical Theories and Principles This week we covered the various ethical theories and principles we will be using throughout the course. Test your knowledge of the readings using the quiz. Instructions Each week a quiz will be provided on the second Reading Day (Tuesday. Don t let this practice quiz on a Friday throw you off!). You can use this quiz to test your textual knowledge and reading abilities and to guarantee a firm foundationRead MoreCritically Evaluate Medical Ethics And Legal Issues1263 Words   |  6 PagesCritically evaluate medical ethics and legal issues Introduction Medical ethics and legal issues have been a key topic in medical field for many years now. It is important for medical professionals to understand the importance of the way we care for patients, it is therefore important to be knowledgeable and aware of the medical ethics and legal issues that govern good patient care. Health care professionals must make decisions based on ethical and legal issues to performance their regular dutiesRead MoreEthical Issues Facing The Healthcare Industry905 Words   |  4 PagesThe following ethics program will highlight some key ethical issues facing the healthcare industry as a whole, as well as hospice agencies specifically. In this program, I will reference ethical principles used today as well as reference historical ethicists and philosophers that backup the items outlined in this ethics program. There are two major topics to be discussed. The first will be how to treat patients that are at the end of their life, which includes their loved on es as well. A specificRead MoreEthics Vs. Kantian Ethics1249 Words   |  5 Pagesmaking. Two prominent ethical theories that arose were utilitarianism and deontological ethics. Both ethical theories developed to establish and justify a set of different moral rules and principles. Utilitarianism, otherwise known as consequentialism, is an ethical theory that sees the best moral decision is one that maximizes utility, which implies that no moral decision is intrinsically right or wrong. Deontological ethics or Kantian ethics is a normative ethical theory that judges the moralityRead MoreThe Similarities and Differences Between Different Ethical Theories651 Words   |  3 PagesDifferences in Ethics: The main aim of any ethical theory is to do what is right and good since it involves moral rules or acting based on specific ethical values. In certain cases, the right and good as well as the ethical rules and values are sometimes common to various ethical theories. Even though ethical theories have different reasons for application, there is an overlap in these theories that result in similar conduct in an ethical situation. There are various ethical theories with differencesRead MoreResolving Bioethical Issues Is No Easy Task1442 Words   |  6 Pagesis no easy task. Depending on which ethical decision-making approach is employed, an individual can arrive at different moral conclusions. However, whether an approach is monistic or pluralistic, all approaches stem from principlism. Principlism is an approach often used within bioethics that â€Å"appeals to general principles or rules to arrive at a more specific moral conclusion through some form of inference† (Tomlinson 1 ). While principles are important in ethical reasoning, they are just one methodRead MoreUtilitarianism And Kantian Ethics Analysis786 Words   |  4 Pagesby ethical theories we adhere to. Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics are two systems that provide a way to approach life decisions, big and small. Utilitarianism, nicknamed â€Å"The Greatest Happiness† states that the ethical choice is the choice that yields the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amount of people. Kantian ethics, also called duty ethics, explains that for any action, people must act according to common principles, with no significance placed on the outcome. The ethical theoriesRead MoreEthics And Morals Of Social Work Practice1068 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Ethics and Morals of Social Work Practice. Our everyday interactions are underpinned by ethics. Social work in its sectors deals with people in multiple and complex situations. Social workers largely work with people that are affected by different life aspects such as ethnicity, disabilities and culture. The fundamental concern for social work is to understand how these aspects affect the individuals. Applying normative ethical theory, processes of ethical analysis. Virtue ethics concernedRead MoreEssay about Eth 316 Week 1764 Words   |  4 PagesUtilitarianism, deontological, and virtue theory ethics are three normative approaches to ethics. This paper will go over the similarities and differences between virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological principles. It will include information of the variations in how each concept details ethics, morality, and it will also discuss a personal experience to describe the correlation between virtue, values, and moral perceptions as they relate to one of the three theories. Similarities and Differences

Feminism Women And Women - 1316 Words

â€Å"I need feminism because my mother prays that I marry a successful man more than she prays that I become successful† (Unknown). According to Merriam-Webster’s dictionary, feminism is the belief that women and men should have equal rights and opportunities. The feminist revolution has come a long way, yet women are still being viewed as beneath men. Unfortunately, we are still living in a male dominated society. The work that is done by a man is still being seen as more significant and worthwhile than that of a woman. In society, being a wife and/or mother has been the most significant role of women. Society continues to view women as caretakers and nurturers. Though a woman may work and have a career, she still has most of the responsibility of taking care of the children and doing the housework. Our society has a tendency to assign specific gender roles such as men being the providers and women being the caretakers. However, women have continuously fought hard to change this image. Throughout the world, every society and nation has some gender inequality. Women earn only 10 percent of the income and own 10 percent of the land, even though they put in an average of 60 percent of work. There has been immense political changes as well as economic growth in many countries, yet women are still subjected to discrimination and abuse. Regardless of the progress women have made, there is still a wide range of gender inequality. In every aspect of our economy, politics, corporateShow MoreRelatedFeminism : Women And Women908 Words   |  4 PagesFeminism Throughout history women have struggled to show their value juxtaposed to men. Women are often downgraded economically, politically and socially just because they are female’s. The struggle between women in the 1800s is similar to the struggle women have now. Equal rights for women are still being campaigned now as much as it was during the 1800s. The connotation of feminism has been created to be a negative word .Just like people believe women should be equal to men, many othersRead MoreFeminism : Women And Women1725 Words   |  7 Pages Feminism Mankind throughout the history has been cruel to women for far too long, women, for example have been deprived off of participation in various activities in a mostly patriarchal societies where in male members of the society have the final say pertaining to the issues affecting the society there by women can only sit down and look. The book described the modern feminism as a product of the enlightenment, and 18th century feminists argued that women were secluded from the public realmRead MoreFeminism And Its Impact On Women1223 Words   |  5 Pages Feminism by definition is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. So feminism has a dictionary definition, but when it comes to feminists and feminism there are so many different personal definitions that people and groups hold. Feminism has been around for quite a while. There is evidence of women fighting for their equality for the past twenty-four centuries. If you’re looking for an actual date you might be out of luck. What can be said from The Oxford EnglishRead MoreFeminism And Its Impact On Women Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesFor decades, women have been striving to gain equality with men. Equality in terms of social, political and economic. They have been held back and their opportunities were taken away just because of the fact that they were females. This led to the evolution of Feminist Movement. I believe that women have every right to be equal with men and Feminism is slowly accomplishing this. But, under the shade of Feminism, few women take undue advantage of their sex. A radical approach to Feminism is what isRead MoreFeminism And Its Effects On Women924 Words   |  4 PagesThe authors’ positions in feminism also changes how they suggest a man can and should use his male privilege, which affects the conversations and how feminism moves forward. As alluded to earlier, profeminist men understand and sympathize with women’s movements and agree with their vision. Because they support feminism, Kimmel and Buchbinder educate and mobilize men to support feminism. They do this by addressing men and men’s movements while simultaneously pointing out the flaws and issues withinRead MoreFeminism And The Vote Of Women885 Words   |  4 PagesFeminism And The Vote The link between feminism and voting is strong, as it should be. For this reason, it is crucial for women to exercise their power to vote. This is important because today, even after women’s suffrage was achieved, the woman’s right to vote is still in question, and for these some, it is still not enough to justify this right. These advocates believe that even though women may legally have the right, they are not competent enough to engage in such activity. To say that theRead MoreFeminism And Women In Frankenstein1318 Words   |  6 Pagesfootsteps (â€Å"Feminism Women in Frankenstein†). Growing up, she was exposed to the work done by her mother and this led her to become exposed to feminist ideals at a very early age (â€Å"Feminism Women in Frankenstein†). In Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, it is controversial of why she chose to characterize both sexes in the way she did and this controversy on women’s roles held of one the central themes in the text. Some critics argue that Shelley followed the traditional roles in which women served asRead MoreFeminism : Women And Femininity3914 Words   |  16 Pages Women and femininity in psychoanalysis Jacques Lacan Yasaman Rafiei Prof: Nancy Frelick Span 501B Introduction One of the unclear and questionable subjects in psychoanalysis, from Freud to Lacan, is the psychology of women and femininity. Male-centered psychoanalysis, which with no doubt is a reflection of tradition, patriarchy, misogyny and women discrimination as a second gender,; is the most important factor that this theory is static and conservative despite some valuable revelationRead MoreFeminism And A Good Portion Of Women1624 Words   |  7 Pageswho are persecuted the most. Feminism is a touchy subject to most people; generally males find it obsolete and women find it valuable to keep alive. There are a handful of males who are in favor of feminism and a good portion of women who are against feminism. There are different types of feminism such as the over the top all males shall die and the equal rights, equal pay. Those who are opposed to expressing feminism commonly believe it is out of date and that women are already treated equally;Read MoreFeminism And Women s Equality936 Word s   |  4 PagesThere are many misconceptions about feminism. Some men see feminists as lesbians or man haters. Anti-feminists typically dictate the term as supporting women’s equality and opposing men’s. In addition, some more common misconceptions consist of feminism being a movement only for gender equality, a fight for matriarchy and power, and male feminists being considered against their gender. Many individuals see the word Feminism, and immediately interpret it as a movement strictly for women’s causes.

Goal Concepts Personality Social Psychology -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Goal Concepts Personality Social Psychology? Answer: Introducation In the competitive environment, it is evaluated that to survive for a long time it is important to consider organizational theories. The theories of organizational behavior are connected with the human resource management so that the overall productivity level can be enhanced. In the recent scenario, the company focuses on recruiting talented employees so that the efficiency of the work can be increased. Organizational behavior helps the companies to analyze the job performance and personality of the employees who are working in the organization. Productive performance is essential for the organization as it helps to attain profitability. If the employees are not dedicated towards the operations then it can be difficult to survive in the competitive market as organizational behavior is an important factor (Gardner et al., 2016). This paper will take into consideration the role of organizational behavior theories in a positive manner that helps to influence the performance of the employees. In the present scenario, it is evaluated that companies implement organizational theories to increase the productive performance of employees. The approach of leadership is important to help in the evaluation of organizational behavior and also to implement the strategies in an organization (Luthans et al., 2015). This paper will also evaluate why effective care is required from leaders at the time of conducting the business functions like setting goals, designing jobs, working conditions and also to motivate employees. The focus will be given on how managers can influence the productive performance of employees and impact upon the different process of the organization (Hwang and Lee, 2016). In the present scenario, the managers of the organization focus on conducting the activities of motivating employees, job designing, creating positive working conditions so that employees productive performance can be encouraged. Managers consider organizational behavior theories to evaluate the processes of the organization and to understand internal and external interactions in a proper manner. At the time of encouraging the employees, it is seen that managers reveal many dimensions of their personality so that the employees can be motivated. There are many factors in the organizational behavior like psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, and economics. Managers take into consideration these factors so that the organizational behavior theories can be implemented in an effective manner. The factor related to psychology analyzes the behavior in response to incentive and sociology evaluates the relationship of employees with others. Social psychology factors take into consideration the behavior of the individual in various situations like stress and conflicts. Anthropology evaluates the customer, traditions and social norms of the organization. Political science evaluates the power, authority and corporate politics that gives impact on the hierarchy of the organization and also focuses on monetary and non-monetary incentives so that employee's performance can be enhanced (Strategy, 2015). Job designing should be done so that the employees of the organization can feel motivated and satisfied. If the job is given according to the interest of the employees then efficiency can be attained in the work. It also assists the employees to accomplish their goals (Kiresuk, 2014). It focuses on minimizing the dissatisfaction of the job between the employees. Job design is considered by the managers so that the employee's productive performance can be attained. One of the theory is X and Y theory also known as common sense theory that offers different types of people in the organization. Theory x workers focus on monetary benefits and theory Y workers focus on improving the lives and independence. Theory X workers are lazy and unreliable. Theory Y employees are responsible and try to maintain the image of the company. The employee's productive performance can be enhanced by taking into consideration X and Y theory. The founder of Apple Inc also used this theory as this theory help s to motivate the team. In every organization job, satisfaction factor plays a great role so that employees can be retained. Designing of jobs in an effective manner helps the employees to satisfy the needs of the employees. It is seen that high rate of retention in software companies can be minimized by taking into consideration Theory X and Y because it helps in designing of jobs so that the satisfaction level of the employees can be enhanced. Also Herzberg's Two Factor Theory' helps companies in designing of jobs because it evaluates the motivators that cause job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in a company and managers can consider it in a positive manner so that employees productive performance can be influenced. Google Inc takes into consideration this approach so that the satisfaction level of the employees can be enhanced. This is the reason the company has won the title best place to work'. Managers can take into consideration various theories of the organization so that the operations can give a positive impact on the overall process of the organization (Kumar and Pansari, 2016). This theory is related to the satisfaction level of the jobs and helps the workers to encourage higher productivity level (Trpanier et al., 2015). Working environment assists the workers to enhance the overall productivity and performance level of the employees. If proper environment is not there in the organization then it can be difficult to survive for a long time in the organization. Organizations should also give emphasis on training the workers so that the activities can be effectively completed. Goals are important to be considered so that the profitability can be attained by the organization. The operations should be conducted according to the goals of the organization. The companies should share the views with the employees so that they can conduct the activities accordingly. Theories of reward are also essential as it helps the employees to operate the activities in a managed way. Managers give emphasis on creating a positive environment so that the employees can be encouraged to work effectively. Techniques of conflict resolution help the managers to create a positive relationship between the workers. There are vario us companies that consider behavioral management theory so that proper understanding of human nature can be considered and also the employees should be treated equally. Human relation approach gives emphasis on creating positive organizational relationships so that the workers can be encouraged (Pervin, 2015). It is evaluated that many companies face the issue of high retention just because people did not give emphasis on repetitive tasks that are boring and do not require challenging skills. It is seen that managers take into consideration "Goal setting theory" that helps to enhance the productive performance. Goal setting theory helps the managers to set "Smart Goals" for the workers so that they can conduct the activities in an effective manner. Microsoft considers the strategy as it helps to reduce the dissatisfaction of the workers. It helps to attain new roles, responsibilities so that job satisfaction can be enhanced (Miner, 2015). Motivation is one of the approaches that are considered by many operations so that employee's productive performance and job satisfaction can be increased. Expectancy theory is also considered by the companies so that the workers are motivated by what they require and how they achieve it. In this theory, there are two types of rewards: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic rewards also take into consideration personal growth, achievement and also the pleasure of an individual. Extrinsic motivation is seen on tangible rewards like to enhance the salary, bonus. Managers should provide rewards based on the worker's needs and performance (Saeidi et al., 2015). "Maslow's hierarchy of needs" is one of the important theories that focus on the needs and wants of the employees. The five stages of the theory are Physiological, safety, belonging, esteem and self-actualization need. The manager tries to enhance the safety and belonging needs of individuals. These are the requirements of the workers and if it is not provided then it can give negative impact on the performance. This theory helps to enhance the motivation level of the employees (Pinder, 2014). The organization should also provide flexibility in the working pattern so that the employees feel happy and good. It assists to enhance motivation and create a proper work-life balance of the workers who are involved in conducting the activities of the organization (Albrecht et al., 2015). This strategy helps the company to reduce the rate of employee retention so that food processing industry can be operated and in which the rate of retention can be enhanced (Nuttin, 2014). So, by analyzing the paper it is concluded that the study of organizational behavior gives emphasis on enhancing the performance of the workers and also create positive relationships. Goal setting theory helps the managers to consider the issues that give negative impact on the performance of the employees. So the organizational behavior theories should be flexible so that goals and objectives can be accomplished in a proper way. The workplace environment should be good so that the employees can conduct the activities effectively. References Albrecht, S.L., Bakker, A.B., Gruman, J.A., Macey, W.H. and Saks, A.M., 2015. Employee management, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance,2(1), pp.7-35. Gardner, A.K., Diesen, D.L., Hogg, D. and Huerta, S., 2016. The impact of goal setting and goal orientation on performance during a clerkship surgical skills training program.The American Journal of Surgery,211(2), pp.321-325. Hwang, I.H. and Lee, H.Y., 2016. The employee's information security policy compliance intention: theory of planned behavior, goal setting theory, and deterrence theory applied.Journal of Digital Convergence,14(7), pp.155-166. Kiresuk, T.J., 2014.Goal attainment scaling: Applications, theory, and measurement. Psychology Press. Kumar, V. and Pansari, A., 2016. Competitive advantage through engagement.Journal of Marketing Research,53(4), pp.497-514. Luthans, F., Luthans, B.C. and Luthans, K.W., 2015.Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach. IAP. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Nuttin, J., 2014.Future time perspective and motivation: Theory and research method. Psychology Press. Pervin, L.A. ed., 2015.Goal concepts in personality and social psychology. Psychology Press. Pinder, C.C., 2014.Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Saeidi, S.P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S.P. and Saaeidi, S.A., 2015. How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), pp.341-350. Strategy, C.B., 2015. Customer Relationship Management as a Customer-Centric Business Strategy. Trpanier, S.G., Fernet, C. and Austin, S., 2015. A longitudinal investigation of workplace bullying, basic need satisfaction, and employee functioning.Journal of occupational health psychology,20(1), p.105.

Gender Inequality in Middle East free essay sample

Gender inequality has always been a prevailing issue that affects countries all over the world. It is not limited to a specific country, or a region. Yet, in Middle Eastern countries, gender discrimination is often so deeply entrenched in the culture that it is seen as the norm. In the 2010 Freedom House report on Middle Eastern women’s rights, Saudi Arabia was ranked the lowest (Doumato, 2010). As women, they face prejudice and discrimination on a daily basis and are often relegated to a second-class citizen. Hence, in this report, I will be covering the discrimination faced by women in Saudi Arabia with regards to the following issues, social and marriage. 1. First Issue- Social As a Muslim dominated country, much of the country’s laws are heavily influenced by Shari’a- Islamic laws. (Wikipedia, 2010). It is the existence of such laws that heavily restricted the movement and freedom of women throughout the country. Saudi Arabia is the only country in the world to ban women from driving in major cities and towns. (Doumato, 2010) They are also discouraged from using public transports which force most of them to employ private drivers. As this is both costly and impractical, most women actually refrain from venturing out of their houses without a male guardian. Sex segregation is also widely practiced to minimize social interaction between genders. In fact, there are religious police tasked to enforce dress codes, sex segregation and observance of prayer. (Wikipedia, 2010) This strict observation of sex segregation severely limits the activities of women as they are prevented from interacting with non related males. In 2008, there was a case of an American woman being arrested by the religious police for sitting with a male colleague at Starbucks. She was thrown into jail, stripped-searched and forced to sign false confessions before being released. (Verma, 2008) In another controversial case in 2006, a girl who was gang raped was sentenced to 6 months in jail and 200 lashes for being in a state of â€Å"khalwa† – violation of sex segregation (Setrakian, 2007). Although she was later pardoned by the King, the fact that a rape victim was to be further punished just because she was with an unrelated male during the time of the incident was shocking enough. 1. 1Analysis These 2 cases were highlighted because they showed the discrimination faced by women with regards to sex segregation. It is evident that the legal system in Saudi Arabia openly condones such acts of discrimination against women. The current legal system and policies severely limit women’s freedom and increase their reliance on male guardians. This can lead to further discrimination as males continue to dominate legally over women which will only spiral into a vicious cycle. The hard handed stance adopted by the religious police and by virtue, the government may have dire consequences. Arresting a foreigner for violation of their own cultural norms, as in the case of the American women, may cause a potential backlash from the foreigner’s country. The tourism industry might suffer as foreigners avoid the country due to safety concerns. This will have an adverse effect on their economy and global reputation in the long term. 2. Second Issue- Marriage As mentioned earlier, the country’s strict interpretations of Shari’a laws had shaped its legal system and constitution. Family laws in Saudi Arabia favour the males. A man is allowed to practice polygamy, the right to divorce at will, gain the custody of the child in the event of a divorce. (Wikipedia, 2010). None of which applies to women. For most women in the nation, they lack the freedom to choose their own marriage partners. Despite a ban on forced marriage in 2005, most of the marriages are still decided by the parents and a large number of women are married off even before they hit 18. This is seen in the case of Shareefa, who was married off to an 80 year old man by her father in exchange for money when she was 10. She was then divorced by her husband a few days after the marriage without her knowledge and abandoned 6 months later in the streets. (Hawar, 2010) Even after getting married, some women still face domestic violence, in the form of physical abuse, forced confinement and even spousal rape. (Doumato, 2010) 2. 1Analysis Early and forced marriages of these Saudi Arabic women might lead to a high maternal mortality rate. This can lead to skewed demographics as the proportion of females decrease drastically and fewer women give birth to replace themselves. In addition, early marriages deprived these women of a normal childhood, education and freedom. Generations of women will end up without a formal education and means to fend for themselves which will make them more reliant on men. Once married, full obedience is expected out of them and they face domestic abuse for behaving otherwise. Yet, there are no exact statistics of domestic violence due to the refusal of these women to report their cases to relevant authorities. They fear speaking up and suffer the consequences of damaging their family honour. These women have nowhere to turn to. The lack of a law criminalizing violence against women also contributes to such cases. The fact that they could get away with abusing their spouses, make it easier for the penetrators which result in the widespread occurrence of domestic abuse. 3. Conclusion In conclusion, women’s rights in Saudi Arabia remain a stark contrast to many of its neighbouring counterparts. While notable changes are being slowly implemented to reduce the chasm between genders, it is still not sufficient or fast enough as the world makes huge strides in the empowerment of women. Gender inequality has long taken roots in the Constitution and society, Saudi Arabia may face dire consequences in the future if it is not rectified in time. Although complete gender equality might be impossible due to biological differences between genders, discrimination against women should be at the very least, eradicated. It is paramount to note that eradicating gender discrimination is not to prove the fairer sex but rather to return women their due rights and dignity.